Scales (Part 2) (6.4)

• Observe the topography of the keyboard.
• Begin on middle D and play the chromatic scale in contrary motion.
• Note the symmetry from this note. Moving away from the centre produces the same pattern of black and white keys.

This has ramifications for deciding the optimal order for learning scales.

• Each major scale is the inversion of the physical inversion of another major scale or, in the case of C or F#, the inversion of itself.
• Each pair uses the same fingering, except for the left-hand fingering for D and A Majors, which retain the C Major fingering:
• G is the inversion of F (and vice versa).
• D is the inversion of B-Flat.
• A is the inversion of E-Flat.
• E is the inversion of A-Flat.
• B is the inversion of D-Flat (or C-Flat and C-Sharp).
• F-Sharp (or G-Flat) is the inversion of itself—as is C.
• We can learn scales logically and physiologically by starting with the most comfortable scales.
• Work on D-Flat Major in the left hand, starting with the thumb on F, to replicate the right hand’s experience in B Major.

• Recommended Order of Learning Major Scales, Pianistically:
• Right Hand: B, E, A, D, G-Flat, D-Flat, A-Flat, E-Flat, B-Flat, G, F, and C.
• Left Hand: D-Flat, A-Flat, E-Flat, B-Flat, G-Flat, B, E, A, D, G, F, and C.
• These guidelines may be adapted. For example, scales with all five black keys may be introduced at any time, as they are pianistic. Similarly, some pianists may find scales like G Major easier to understand theoretically or visually.

• Continuous alignment adjustments are like steering while driving—small, constant adjustments are necessary.
• A common problem is making large, jerky motions, akin to cartoon characters driving.
• If your wrist and arm remain stationary, you’ll experience sudden movements, particularly after using your thumb.
• As you master three-dimensional movement and make continuous adjustments, your scales will improve in clarity, evenness of tone, rhythm, and articulation.

• Play the first five notes of the B major scale in the right hand. Start slowly and expressively, then progress to medium speed, and finally fast.
• Begin with a quiet hand and preparatory motion, then use momentum and make continuous alignment adjustments.
• Allow fingers to release naturally while maintaining a quiet, open hand and continuous alignment.
• Play successive five-note figures within the scale, ascending one note at a time, e.g., C#-D#-E-F#-G#.
• Evaluate each figure for clarity and proper releases.
• Continue ascending in five-note groups (e.g., D#-E-F#-G#-A#, etc.), reaching an octave higher.
• Repeat descending, with correct fingering, maintaining preparation and momentum.
• When each finger can be played musically with one motion, increase to six-note groups, then seven, and finally eight notes.
• By overlapping these figures, achieve clear, proficient scales at fast speeds with minimal effort.